Difusão Celular/Broadcast de Alertas Meteorológicos

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Boas Noites:

Gostaria de saber onde poderia criar um tópico a falar sobre as vantagens da Difusão Celular / Cell Broadcast no que respeita a alertas à população em casos de mau tempo. Em Macau como em muitos outros países já existe este serviço em funcionamento que é gratuito, todos os telemóveis o suportam e é possível enviar informação para uma área geográfica.

Gostaria que me informassem o melhor local neste forum para descrever o serviço e países onde o mesmo já funciona como o caso da Tailândia depois dos Tsunamis e da China e Macau.
 


Vince

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Olá, bem vindo ao forum.
Podes falar mesmo aqui sobre o assunto.

Desconheço o que existe por cá, talvez haja qualquer coisa para quem trabalha no mar, etc, mas não sei. Nos EUA sei que até rádios meteorológicos existem mas lá compreende-se a sua importância nas regiões onde ocorrem tornados ou furcacões, etc. Tenho ideia que no ano passado na sequência de um tornado que matou várias pessoas em auto-caravanas por falta de informação saiu depois uma lei a obrigar à aquisição de um rádio desses. Cá em Portugal as coisas são um pouco mais pacíficas, se calhar o interesse numa coisa dessas é limitado, ou talvez não, não sei ... se calhar pelo menos para pesca e agricultura não era má ideia.
 

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Difusão Celular

A Difusão Celular é um serviço disponibilizado por inúmeras operadoras de telecomunicações móveis, baseado numa tecnologia que permite que mensagens possam ser difundidas a todos os equipamentos móveis e dispositivos semelhantes dentro de uma área geográfica designada.

A Difusão Celular permite que as mensagens possam ser comunicadas a vários telemóveis que estão localizados dentro de uma determinada área de cobertura da rede, na altura que a mensagem é emitida.

Através do acesso aos diversos canais do serviço podem obter-se informações úteis como: nome da localidade, trânsito local, informação meteorológica, as farmácias de serviço, os hospitais mais próximos, promoções da operadora, publicidade, entre outras.

Em Portugal

Em Portugal, a Telecel foi a primeira operadora de telecomunicações móveis a explorar as potencialidades da rede GSM com a emissão das mensagens de difusão celular. Mais tarde, para associar a um dos seus pacotes de descontos de chamadas, a TMN seguiu-lhe o exemplo criando, no entanto, apenas um canal de informação. A Optimus ainda recorreu à activação temporária do serviço aquando dos Jogos do 'Euro 2000', mas depressa desistiu do uso desta tecnologia.

Nos últimos anos, com a mudança da Telecel para a Vodafone, a nova empresa decidiu desactivar a maior parte dos canais de informação da difusão celular, alegando que as novas tecnologias utilizadas na rede substituiam as vantagens dos canais da difusão celular. Hoje, sabe-se que além de não substituirem, o objectivo era simplesmente passar a cobrar aos clientes a informação difundida na rede.

Seguem as listas dos canais informativos que as operadoras portuguesas emitiram:


Lista de canais da Vodafone:

* Canal 01 - Índice dos canais
* Canal 13 - Jogos (Totoloto e Totobola)
* Canal 14 - Desporto
* Canal 15 - Notícias
* Canal 20 - Hospitais
* Canal 21 - Serviços de Aconselhamento e Apoio
* Canal 24 - Farmácias de Serviço
* Canal 34 - Táxis
* Canal 36 - Gasolina (24 Horas)
* Canal 40 - Meteorologia
* Canal 44 - Turismo de Habitação
* Canal 50 - Informação da Célula (Cidades)


Lista de canais da TMN:

* Canal 50 - Informação da Célula (Região)


Lista de canais da Optimus:

* Canal 50 - Golos dos Jogos do 'Euro 2000'
No mundo

A Difusão Celular é uma tecnologia que tem sido muito explorada em diversos países do mundo, mantendo-se activa em Espanha, França, Alemanha, Inglaterra, Israel, África do Sul, Roménia, Índia, China, entre outros países. Em alguns casos, é bastante extensa a lista de canais activos, sendo o serviço muito utilizado para informar o nome das localidades onde a pessoa se encontra e também para publicitar inúmeras cadeias de comércio local.

Na Roménia, por exemplo, foi criado um serviço com base nesta tecnologia (Serviço 'Bússola') em que é emitido o nome do local onde o cliente se encontra – e que pode ser um monumento, o nome de um bairro, ou outra informação mais específica.

Fonte: http://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Difusão_Celular
 

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Algumas emissões em Portugal:

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Airadigm launches commercial cell broadcast service in Wisconsin

By Jeffrey Silva
Story posted: May 31, 2007 - 1:59 pm EDT


Airadigm Communications’ Einstein Wireless, a GSM cellphone carrier in Wisconsin, said it fired up the nation’s first cellular broadcast emergency alert system covering the community of Appleton.

“Together with CellCast Technologies and with support from [the Federal Emergency Management Agency], we’ve been testing cell broadcast capability in Wisconsin and are now making it available to our subscribers throughout the state,” said John Altamura, president of Einstein Wireless. “This technology will reach a greater percentage of the population in a timely way, improve emergency response times and enable geographic-specific alerts—all using the most advanced broadcast medium available today. We are looking forward to working with local universities, corporations and the community to improve emergency response times and our overall security.”

The Federal Communications Commission is working to implement legislation to integrate wireless and other communications technologies into a Cold War-era emergency warning largely dependent on radio and television broadcasters and cable TV operators.

The four national mobile-phone carriers have been reluctant to embrace a cell broadcast technology gaining traction in Europe and Asia, wanting instead to investigate all options for delivering wireless alerts to consumers.

“People have relied on the entertainment vehicles of television and radio to deliver emergency alerts for more than 50 years. Meanwhile, the cellphone has emerged as an always-on communication vehicle for more than 80% of the nation’s population, making it an ideal medium for delivering emergency alerts,” said Paul Klein, COO of Houston-based CellCast Technologies. “We commend FEMA for piloting the use of this 21st-century technology to significantly improve our nation’s emergency alert systems.”
 

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Skyport And Cellcast Announce Strategic Alliance To Bring Emergency Alert Systems To Cell Phones

Houston, Texas, July 16, 2007 —
SkyPort Global Communications, Inc., a communications carrier operating in 22 states and for the National Guard, announced today a strategic alliance with CellCast Technologies, a company working with local, state and federal government entities, to activate cell broadcast technology to transmit emergency alerts on cell phones during disasters.

The alliance integrates the emergency alert system onto today's technology of cell phones and other mobile handheld devices. While cell broadcast technology is currently available on most cell phones, it is not being used. Therefore, SkyPort's infrastructure can function as a carrier for the cell broadcast technology in nearly half of the United States.

"CellCast has the most unique and advanced emergency alert technology that can direct people to safety before a tornado, hurricane or other disasters even those that are manmade hit their specific area," said Pat Brant, SkyPort president and CEO. "We are proud to join forces with CellCast and bring this technology to serve the public interest."

With cell broadcast, an emergency manager can deliver geo-specific warnings within 20 seconds to only those citizens in the line of danger. A cell broadcast alert causes the cell phone to ring and a message is displayed on the screen. A cell broadcast alert can be simultaneously delivered to millions of cell phones with the feature enabled, without queuing delays of conventional text messages that are relayed one-by-one.

Paul Klein, CellCast chief operating officer, stated, "SkyPort has built a solid reputation of reliability, and the company will be a superior carrier that American citizens can count on receiving emergency alerts in time to help protect their lives and their families during disasters."

About CellCast: CellCast Technologies is a privately held company based in Houston. It offers a revolutionary cellular-based emergency broadcast system for national, state and local government entities, and commercial revenue-generating resale programs for non-emergency cell broadcast applications. Visit www.cellcastcorp.com for more information.

About SkyPort: SkyPort Global Communications, Inc. is a communications carrier providing managed, secure, broadband satellite and terrestrial communication services. Clients rely on its ability to provide end-to-end voice, video and data solutions that are fast and designed to be 99.999 percent reliable. SkyPort was founded in 1999 and is headquartered in Houston. With its global network, engineering expertise and owned infrastructure at Ellington Field Joint Reserve Base.
 

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Disaster and Emergency Warning Network

The DEWN is an innovation based on widely available mobile communications technologies such as short messages (SMS) and cell broadcast (CB), aimed at rendering a cost effective and reliable mass alert system. The network connects mobile subscribers, police stations, identified religious/social community centres and even the general public to a national emergency alarming centre.

A responsible authority would generate an alarm message from the alarming centre, which would be received by mobile phones as well as specialized alarm devices. The message could be selectively sent based on area, to identified individual/group of receivers, or to the general public as decided by the authority generating the message.

Messages can be received by either a mobile phone or a special-purpose wireless alerting device. Cell phones may receive the message in any of the three languages. The wireless alerting device shown responds to warning messages by either emitting an audible alarm and a flashing light or by turning on a radio. The device may be installed at central locations such as police stations and community centres and even domestically. Emergency alarms would be relayed in seconds to these end-devices through the DEWN.
Dialog-UoM Mobile Communications Research Laboratory developed the special-purpose wireless alarm (DEWN alarm device) for this project.

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Alarm Device

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System Architecture

Informação,Apresentações e Videos:http://www.dialog.lk/en/corporate/cr/ourap...usion/dewn.html
 

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New York will send crisis text via CB

Sept 2007_Abstract NY Post:

In the aftermath of the Deutsche Bank fire and the Midtown steam-pipe explosion, city officials yesterday announced they will begin testing rapid-alert programs to rush text messages to New Yorkers' cellphones. Deputy Mayor Ed Skyler told lawmakers at a City Council hearing that a pilot program using text messages as an early-alert system for communities will be ready to roll out within a few months.

"We expect to launch the pilot at the end of this year. At the same time, we are wary of it, because we know that the communications infrastructure isn't as reliable as we would like," he said of brief text messages that would be limited to 60 characters.

The Bloomberg administration has its eyes on what could be a more effective alert system that would use mobile-phone networks to send emergency messages to anyone carrying a phone within a specific swath of the city.

Called "cell broadcasting," the alert system would require mobile-phone companies to make upgrades to their infrastructure - changes that City Hall is pushing for.

"It is not possible for us to use cell broadcasting today, because wireless carriers have resisted investing resources in this emerging technology," Skyler said.

Abstract NYpost​
 

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Mobile providers resisting SOS alerts

BERLIN: South Korea, the Netherlands and possibly even tiny Appleton, Wisconsin, are starting to use a little-known but widely available technology called cellular broadcasting to send emergency text messages to mobile phone users threatened by weather, industrial accidents or terrorism.

But the global advance of the mobile phone emergency alerts, which are also being considered by India, Malaysia and Finland, is being resisted by some cellphone operators, who fear government regulation, increased costs and legal liability from false alarms, experts said. Some carriers, they said, are concerned that the technology could undermine the conventional short messaging system, or SMS, which generates the bulk of operators' revenue from wireless data.

"Basically, operators have fought cell broadcasting because they haven't figured out a way to make money from it yet," said Gordon Gow, a lecturer in telecommunications at the London School of Economics.

"But it's really the logical way to extend early warning systems. When you're on a beach, you won't have a TV or radio, but you probably will have a mobile phone."

Cell broadcasting is a standard, but largely unused, part of every GSM and CDMA digital phone network that can transmit uniform text warnings either to all users or to defined regions. It is different from SMS in that the broadcast relays the message indiscriminately to every phone in a cell tower's receiving area, typically a 3.2-kilometer, or 2-mile, radius, without having to know individual phone numbers. A cell broadcast usually causes phones to ring before a 162-character message scrolls across phone displays. Callers must have their phones switched on and have activated the function to receive the messages.

"This is just the beginning," said Mark Wood, a spokesman for the Cellular Emergency Alert Systems Association, a London-based group of engineers and software makers advocating cell broadcasting. "The technology exists in most phones today and is essentially free. It could have helped save lives, for example, in last year's tsunami."

In October, the Netherlands became the first country in Europe to require cell operators to transmit government text warnings via cell broadcasts. The government paid about E2.5 million, or $3 million, to three operators - Vodafone, KPN and Telfort - to equip their networks for cellular broadcasts.

So far, the Dutch system has sent only test messages. But starting Feb. 1, the national weather service will warn cellphone users of imminent flooding or rising ocean tides in threatened areas, said Wim van Setten, executive director of the Dutch Mobile Messaging Platform Association, the public-private organization that is running the program.

"It took us six years to get cellular broadcasting in the Netherlands," Van Setten said. "At first, the operators couldn't see any economic benefit for themselves, so talks dragged on. But we kept up the pressure, kept meeting with them, and eventually they agreed to cooperate."

But so far, most countries have resisted cellular broadcasts, even after disasters.

"The mobile phone is best for peer-to-peer communication," said Gabriel Solomon, a director in London at the GSM Association, which represents 680 operators in 210 countries and territories. "It's not meant for informing the broader public. TV, radio and warning sirens are still the best way."

After two earthquakes killed more than 17,000 people in Turkey in 1999, the country's leading cellphone operator, Turkcell, created an emergency team with the network maker Ericsson to replace cell towers and restore service in devastated regions. But lawmakers did not pursue cellular broadcasts.

"Cell broadcasts don't work when towers are destroyed or rendered inoperable," said Muzaffer Akpinar, the chief executive of Turkcell, which is based in Istanbul.

However, Akpinar said Turkcell would work to equip its network for cell broadcasts, should legislators determine it was needed.

"Cell broadcasting right now is one of the biggest questions facing the industry," Akpinar said.

In May, South Korea became the first country in the world to switch on a nationwide cellular-based emergency system, paying wireless operators to equip their networks for broadcasts.

Since then, the system has been used to warn citizens of heavy snow and other adverse weather or emergencies, said Eunice Paek, an international affairs spokeswoman at the Korean Broadcasting Commission.

"The one issue for us is that cell broadcasts don't reach people when they turn off their phones," she said. The messages are not saved on phones so they will not pop up when turned on later if the alerts have ended.

Resistance from large cellphone operators is the main reason cellular broadcasting has failed to make gains in the United States, even after the government's much-criticized response to Hurricane Katrina, said Douglas Weiser, the head of the U.S. branch of the Cellular Emergency Alert Systems Association, who is based in Tampa, Florida.

Because U.S. carriers paid a combined $80 billion to buy digital mobile licenses from the government in the 1990s, Weiser said, the industry has been largely able to fend off government attempts at regulation. One rural cell carrier, Einstein PCS in Appleton, tested a cell broadcasting system in September and is considering installing one, he said.

Weiser is director of a Tampa company, CellCast Communications, which sells software letting mobile network operators offer location-based services to subscribers who, for example, want to find the nearest restaurant.

CellCast is trying to reach agreements with rural cellphone carriers in parts of the U.S. South and Midwest to transmit text messages from the U.S. Emergency Alert System about tornadoes, hurricanes and other weather threats. Weiser said CellCast aimed to get an agreement by March covering parts of Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Oklahoma, Iowa, Wisconsin, Texas, Kansas, Missouri and Maine.

Once the public routinely looks for emergency broadcasts on their cellphones, Weiser said, some cell users may also opt to receive commercial services paid for by advertisers.

One possible service could advise shoppers entering a large store like a Wal-Mart, for example, which items are on sale and where they can be found in the store, Weiser said.

In South Korea and the Netherlands, cell broadcasts are limited by law to government emergencies.

Most of the digital groundwork for cell broadcasting is already in place or can easily be bought, advocates said. In the United States, Weiser said, a digital decoder that costs about $15,000 could take emergency messages from the Federal Communications Commission's Emergency Alert System and transmit them without delay to cellphones in a network's coverage area.

Weiser said some TV and radio broadcasters in the rural states where his company is active are offering to pay for the decoders to broadcast emergency alerts. In exchange, text messages broadcast during emergencies could direct cellphone users to appropriate local stations for further information in cases of severe weather.

Network operators are reluctant to explore the commercial potential of cell broadcasting, Weiser said, because many mistakenly think it will undermine SMS revenue. Because there is no law mandating cellular broadcasting in the United States, Weiser said, the technology must be paid for by advertising.

Cell broadcasts are scattershot, like traditional broadcast television, so calling charges could not pay for any information services offered over the 64,000 different digital broadcast frequencies available on most handsets.

"The problem with cell broadcasting in the U.S. has never been the technology," Weiser said, "it's been a question of political will."
 

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Earthquake alerts coming to Japan


While Japan's mobile phones service is renowned for its sophistication as well as frills, later this year carriers are taking service to a new level with the introduction of early-warning earthquake alerts to mobile handsets. Operators are planning to release handsets supporting the service by the end of the year.

The move will follow the nationwide October 1 launch by the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) of its earthquake early warning system, which will give around 10 seconds advance notice of major earthquakes. The JMA believes that with 10 seconds warning people can switch off the gas and move to cover, thus reducing loss of life and injuries.

NTT DoCoMo will use cell broadcasting while KDDI will use the cdma2000 equivalent SMS broadcasting. A Softbank spokesperson said the company has not yet decided which technology to deploy.

Both cell and SMS broadcasting are 3GPP2 standard technologies but neither has been used in Japan, although Softbank is said to have been studying the possibility of working with Qualcomm to offer cell-broadcasting services as part of its quest to offer unique services.

In the first stage, DoCoMo has a target of passing the information to subscribers in the expected earthquake zone within 10 seconds of receiving the warning from JMA. "We expect this system will help reduce the loss of life and injuries in the case of a major earthquake because most people always carry their mobile phones and can get the information instantly," said NTT DoCoMo spokesperson Shinya Yokota.

TV and radio stations, however, will broadcast warnings within one second of receiving them and sirens in the new digital rural network being rolled out will also go off within one second. "Ten seconds is slow," insisted a JMA official.

Carriers no doubt face a difficult technological challenge to match the speed of the communication of those media.

Up to now the role of mobile communications and the activities of carriers has focused 100% on swift post-disaster response efforts. The earthquake in Niigata on July 16 was a timely reminder of the importance of mobile communications support at such times and its vulnerability.

DoCoMo lost 16 base stations for two days while KDDI reported 17 of its base stations were put out of action.

Fonte: http://www.telecomasia.net/article.php?id_article=5645
 

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Sistema CELL BROADCAST da LogicaCMG permite enviar alertas via celular sobre ameças naturais

Após a tragédia ocorrida na Ásia com as ondas gigantes, muitos países
devem investir em sistemas eficientes de alerta para proteger a
população dos fenômenos naturais ou de acidentes que possam colocar em
risco sua segurança. A LogicaCMG possui uma solução que permite
notificar todos os usuários de celular de uma determinada região
através da própria rede de telefonia móvel. A tecnologia, denominada
Cell Broadcast System (CBS), já é utilizada por diversas operadoras em
todo o mundo e foi contratada recentemente pelo governo holandês.

Ao contrário do SMS (Short Message Service), com o Cell Broadcast o
remetente não precisa saber quem é o destinatário para enviar uma
mensagem, já que ela é transmitida através de uma célula específica e
é recebida por qualquer usuário com telefone celular na área de
cobertura das células determinadas. Como o CBS não sofre restrições
por congestionamentos na rede, sua distribuição se dá de forma bem
mais rápida do que se fosse um SMS.

A tecnologia Cell Broadcast não utiliza o número de telefone dos
assinantes e nem sistemas de SMS para enviar as notificações, ele age
geograficamente, enviando alertas para todos que tiverem com seus
celulares ligados na área de cobertura das células escolhidas pelo
operador, por isso é ideal para sistemas de orientação aos cidadãos`,
afirma XYZ, da LogicaCMG Sul América.

Em outros países, no entanto, esse sistema já é utilizado para alertas
de segurança e pela iniciativa privada para ações de marketing. `O
ideal é que o setor público se una ao privado na implantação desse
tipo de solução. É importante também que todas as operadoras tenham
esse serviço disponível para seus assinantes. Acreditamos que em breve
isso poderá ser um diferencial competitivo entre as operadoras também
no Brasil`, avalia XYZ.

No caso da Holanda, usuária da solução da LogicaCMG, o Ministério das
Relações Econômicas, Ministério dos Transportes e de Serviços
Públicos, de Assuntos Internos e de Saúde Nacional, trabalharam em
conjunto com o setor privado e terão acesso a 40% do sistema CBS nos
próximos dois anos. Já as empresas do setor privado podem usar os 60%
remanescentes para atividades comerciais.
 

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Cell Broadcast in Sri Lanka

SRI LANKA: November 15, 2005_COLOMBO - Next time a disaster such as a tsunami strikes Sri Lanka, officials say they hope to use text messages and the mobile phone system to give people the crucial few minutes warning they need to seek safety. The Dec. 26 tsunami struck Sri Lanka hours after it hit Thailand, but no warning was issued and even if it had been, many poor villagers would not have heard it. Within weeks, mobile phone operator Dialog Telekom says it was working on ways to solve the problem.

"If we go back to Dec. 26, many lessons were learnt," Dialog chief executive Hans Wijayasuriya said at the launch of the mobile phone-based warning system on Monday. "You can convert a mobile phone into a powerful alarm device." The scheme will be launched first as a pilot project in parts on the island's south coast, much of which was devastated by the giant wave that killed nearly 40,000 Sri Lankans. It will use text messages to alert police officers, village chiefs and other important officials to warnings, and can also send a blanket message to all phones in an area through "cell broadcasting" -- more versatile than a normal text or phone call.

"What usually happens in a disaster is that the network is overloaded and calls don't get through," Dialog research and development manager Ravi Abeysekera told Reuters. "That isn't a problem with cell broadcasting." The system could be running island-wide by the middle of 2006, he said. In the aftermath of the disaster, Sri Lankan officials put up "tsunami zone" signs in some coastal areas advising residents of the best route to higher ground.

Holland had developed a similar disaster warning system, Abeysekera said, but the technology was still in its infancy. Some 3.5 million of Sri Lanka's 19 million people have a mobile phone, but to reach a wider number the system will also use alarms linked to the mobile phone network that will trigger sirens or bells in police stations, churches and temples in the event of an alert. Government officials will control the alert system from the capital Colombo. "There is no possibility for any misuse by anybody who wants to create panic and have a field day looting everywhere," said Tilak Ranavirajah, secretary to the Minister of Public Security, Law and Order. REUTERS NEWS SERVICE